Sunday, December 30, 2007

Open up your eyes to the beach..



Some of us may say that the beaches of Singapore are almost dead. This may be true, if we have a quick glance on the beach, seeing nothing but sand and rocks.


Well, look again... The first picture is that of a sole fish and the second is that of a sandstar, Astropecten sp. The 'stone' is in fact a ball sea cucumber! Heres the more obvious pictures..

These are the form of protection mechanism by these creatures by avoiding detection with their colouration. As such, we may not be able to spot them easily... But by going to the beaches with an open mind, who knows what else can be spotted.. On the Changi beach on mainland Siungapore... Kids??
Noo... These kids were excited by the sight of solefish and attempting to follow it... So, these are some of what you can see on the beach...


Note: The above bivalve was alive and flapping its shell when held on hand..

More information on Changi beach can be found on:

Wonderful Creation blog

Thursday, December 20, 2007

Spiders at our backyard..

I was invited by the 'Most Naked Hermit Crab' for a walk at Kranji Trail/Sungei Buloh Nature Reserve on morning of 15 December 2007. There were 7 of us present for the walk which started from Kranji Reservoir.

During the walk, whenever someone spotted something interesting, everyone would bring up their cameras, snapping pictures of the creatures (the following picture from left: JL, JH, SY, RY). However, my focus was on spiders, which belongs to the Subphylum Chelicerata under the Phylum Arthropoda. Horseshoe crabs, the only surviving merostomes, are also classified under the same subphylum, which accounts for the well-said phrase- 'Horseshoe crab is more related to spiders than crabs'. Marine creatures such as lobsters, crabs and shrimp shares the same phylum as spiders althougth they belong to the Subphylum Crustacea.

Hence, my quest was to look out for spider and webs throughout the walk.

My first observations was on the different types of webs they build. I noticed that some spiders build orb-shaped webs, while some build tent-shaped webs(picture unavailable) and some don't build webs at all.



One example of a non-web builder is the 'crab spider' which ambushes preys instead of trapping them, which we commonly know. However, they are not active hunters. Instead, they camouflage among flowers with their body coloration in wait for unsuspecting preys before graping them with their front appendages. As the name suggests, these spiders are recognised by their resemblence to crabs with their 1st 2 pairs of legs held in a wide position resembling the claw-appendages of crabs.

Another active hunter found was the Fighting Spider (Thiania bhamoensis). It has the ability to jump around with its muscular legs. However, these spiders do builds tent-shaped webs for protection purposes, such as storing their eggs, instead of prey trapping. While we were taking pictures of it, the spiders was 'jumping from one camera to another- RY' because of its curious nature.
As for prey-trapping spiders, I had the privilage of observing a live action of a orb-web spider (Brown sailor spider, Neoscona nautica) trapping its prey. As I was taking picture of the spider, it suddenly scurried to the lower region of web where a small struggling insect was trapped. The spider was observed what seemed like wrapping the prey with silk (other processes may happen as well, though not observed). In less than a minute, the prey was fully wrapped and became completely motionless before the spider moved back to its orginal position on the web.

Brown sailor spider (top: before prey got trapped, bottom: prey fully wrapped by the spider)

On top of that, we spotted a few other species of orb-web spiders, mainly the Oval St Andrew's Cross Spider (Argiope aemula) and Hasselt's Spiny Spider (Gasteracantha hasseltii).
Oval St Andrew's Cross Spider (top) and Hasselt's Spiny Spider (bottom).



Also, in the mangrove area, we saw this spider with a huge white sac beneath its body, probably a egg sac. As suggested by SY 's friend, it might be a huntsman spider (family Sparassidae).


As spiders have hard exoskeletons, in order for their size to increase, moulting must occur, just like crustaceans. Along the Kranji Trail, I managed to spot one of the shedded exoskeleton of an unknown species of spider.

We were fortunate the rain came only after the walk. All in all, although tired, each of us managed to bring back many photo memories of the pieces of nature in Singapore. And for me, specifically the relatives of crustaceans.....

Keywords:

Arthropod (ar'throh-pod): An invertebrate that belongs to phylum Arthropoda: characterized by a hard exoskeleton; a segmented body; and paired, jointed appendages.

Exoskeleton (ex" oh-skel'eh-ton): An external skeleton, such as the shell of mollusks or outer covering of arthropods; provides protection and sites of attachment for muscles.

References:
Solomon, Berg and Martin. (2008) Biology, 8th Edition. Thomson Brooks/Cole.

Peter K L Ng and N Sivasothi. (1999) "A Guide to the Mangroves of Singapore II: Animal Diversity". Singapore Science Centre.

Joseph K H Koh. (1989) "A Guide to Common Singapore Spiders", BP Guides, Science Centre.

Note:

Initially planned an entry covering on Pasir Ris Mangrove on 'Playing Death.. to stay alive' before this. However, regretfully, the pictures were all accidently deleted from my computer, hence abandoning that entry.

Wednesday, December 12, 2007

Labrador speaks a thousand words...

Note:

Picture taken on 12/12/2007

Pictures not modified by any software

Story-line subjective to individual's interpretation

Please help add words to this entry by leaving your comments at the end...


Backlinks and/or Related Entries:


Monday, December 10, 2007

14th Anniversary Walk of Sungei Buloh Wetlands Reserve

The 14th Anniversary Walk of Sungei Buloh Wetlands Reserve was conducted by Raffles Museum Toddycats on the morning of 9th December 2007. The walk was conducted when the tide was rising. As such, most of the amphibious organisms were covered by the waters. Despite this, we still managed to see some mangrove creatures. For this walk, I was grouped together with the 'undergrads' covering primarily the Mangrove broadwalk.

The zones of this mangrove are broadly identified as the Back Mangrove, Mud lobster mound system, Main forest and the sand bank based on the tidal height, topography and the dorminant vegetation. This mode of classification is however different from the other relatively undisturbed mangrove forests in this Southeast Asian region, where they contain zones of single-species of plants occuring in relation to the distance from the sea.

The walk started off at the Back Mangrove zone, which is the vegetation zone behind the mangrove. As this area is above the HHWST, it is seldom covered by the tide. Here, we spotted a few bright-yellow Sea Hisbiscus flowers hanging high on its trees. This was also the dorminant plant in this zone. Also, a few other species of flora were spotted in this zone.
Proceeding into the main forest zone, tree-climbing crabs were seen aalmost motionless on the trunks of the trees. As such I managed to take a 'close-up' picture of one of them.
Upon further observation, the claws of the crabs were slim and downward facing. Such structurs were mainly related to their diet which are primarily leaves. This difference in claw structures can be observed with crabs which has thick claws to break open shellfishes.
A giant mudskipper was also seen here.

As for the fluna, in this zone, adaptions features such as prop roots and aerial roots to deal with the conditions of mangrove were seen

As it began to pour as we reached the sandbank zone, we seeked refuge under on of the shelters along the broadwalk. There, we spotted a horseshoe crab was seen swimming inland. It was exciting for me because I never seen a swimming horseshoe crab before. As the whole body is aromourised, only the posterior horizontal flap of the crab was seen flapping up and down. The remaining parts looked as it was not moving at all.

Due to the rain, as well as the rising tide, we did not manage to see much for the remaining portion of the walk. However, it was still a fruitful one though.

Sunday, December 2, 2007

Is the Labrador talk really that cheap?

The newspaper article, Undersea garden takes root (ST, 29th Oct 2007) revealed to some groups of nature lovers that that the debris which they spotted scattering around on the beaches of Labrador nature reserve since last year. As such they began to voice their concerns through the Internet and subsequently were approached by Straits Times on November 26th.





After reading some of the entries, I decided to avail myself as a volunteer for monitoring the corals on their SEACILs so as to know more about project, and hoping to find the out the truth in the current situation. This was suggested by one of the Labrador Nparks officer. As such I attended the briefing a few Saturdays ago by Capt Frederick Francis, the project leader of SEACILs.

In a nutshell, the briefing touched on the following issues. .

First, he introduced himself as being a senior lecturer at Singapore poly and also does a lot of UN work as legal consultant for IMO. As such, he said that ‘environmental research is by opportunity’ as he is not a researcher.

Also his core team comprises of 3 members, that they were all strictly volunteers who are not paid for the project. Other volunteers helped only whenever it is required. As one of the 3 is ‘offshore diving superintendent’, he travels around often, leaving the other 2 running most of the show.

During the briefing, he also made mention that he is working with the Nparks and MPA on this project because the area is their ‘territory’. Apart from that, the project is independent under the umbrella of SP although experts were also consulted once in awhile.

With regard to the structures, the SEACILs were created on the beach (picture seen in the lab showed that it was the inter-tidal area) during low water (tide). They were transferred to the sea during high waters. PVC pipes were used as ‘sea curtains’ reducing the amount of sediments reaching the transplanted corals. This method, he said, used less money than the conventional methods.

He said the materials used for the project was in compliance with the 1999 OSPA (Oil Spill Prevention Act?), which are mainly seawater, beach sand and cement. These materials, he said, are not just biodegradable, but was good for the environment.

To help us understand the project better, we were brought to the on-site laboratory which consisted of a container within a small fenced up compound. There, we were shown a down-sized replica of the SEACILs in a tank as well as picture posters taken in the course of the project, one of which was pertaining to the concerns raised by the other wildlife blogs.

Earlier during the briefing, Capt explained that if they are destroying things, why (they) come down, why they spend their time, which he rather spend his time outside with his family. (paraphrased from his quote). Also, he said that he is worried only about what he was “only worried about what (he) is doing”, and choosing to ignore the ‘protesters’.

However, according to ‘the(new)mediaslut e-zine’ website touching on this issue, “ignoring email complaints is a very risky thing to do in the field of communications these days.” Hence, “without a proper explanations on questions, these email senders will craft their own conclusion which may be misguided or just based on hearsay.” Thus, accountability is an essential aspect of any project, especially in this days of mass-media coupled with free speeches.




With regard to the issue of destroying things, the issue was not so much in the actual SEACILs itself. After all, it is an experiment and success or failure is merely part the learning experience for the team. Genuine ‘protesters’, who spent precious time voicing their concerns and taking pictures of the debris, would not have poked their nose into such results, unless the project have somehow, consciously or sub-consciously, affected their area of concern, in this case the marine environment.


Hence the issue here is that of the debris left behind which can be seen 'literally from the beach and jetty... at low tide'. Coincidentally, these debris were found on the Nature Reserve itself, where no foreign structures is allowed to be placed in the first place, much less large concrete slabs. According to one reply to this issue at tomorrow.sg, ‘building an artificial reef should not be an excuse for dumping rubbish onto any of our shores.’ All that the nature lovers want is that the team does not destroy their patch of nature in an attempt to do their bits for the environment as well.

In addition, the intertidals of Singapore is alive and not dead. As such, it is particularly important to groups such as students and other nature lovers who don't dive. Recently, the wildfilms featured an article about the importance of seashores to students.

Therefore, immediate remedial actions should be taken, taking into consideration the entire aspects of our nature. These will greatly enhance the effort of everyone in doing their parts for the environment –those who appreciate the rocky shores and living intertidal habitats such as seagrasses, and lower reef flats while the project team successfully researched a new-generation artificial reef in the subtidal area for the betterment of our future.


Additional case study on the nature blogger – wildfilms

The group, which comprises of volunteers, has been documenting the intertidal on all parts of Singapore. Their intention is to convince Singaporeans that we have living shores that are worthy of protecting not only through mindful development, but also by awareness that activities such as collection, driftnets, littering can damage and even kill our shores. As such, they have raised other environmental issues such as:

Apart from that, the group has also worked with scientists in learning more about Singapore shores. Some scientists includes Dr Daphne Fautin (world anemone expert) and Dr Dan Rittschoff (from the US). On top of that, they were also involved in the Chek Jawa Recovery Project and the study of dog-faced watersnakes in Singapore.

Members of the group also volunteer as guides on many of the nature walks offered to the public.